Prevention, treatment, and infection control june 2728, 2018 curry international tuberculosis center transmission and pathogenesis 14 take home points people with latent tb infection ltbi can be treated to prevent development of tb disease this is a critical aspect to achieve tb elimination. The spine is the most frequent location of musculoskeletal tb. Spinal tuberculosis with psoas abscess thanks, questions. Infectious droplet nuclei are generated when persons who have pulmonary or laryngeal tb disease cough, sneeze, shout, or sing. Convertio advanced online tool that solving any problems with any files. Tuberculosis is a disease caused by a bacterium called mycobacterium tuberculosis which usually attack the lungs, but can attack any part of the body such as the kidney, spine, and brain. A free powerpoint ppt presentation displayed as a flash slide show on id. Tuberculosis tb is defined as a disease caused by members of the m. The spine is the most common site for osseous involvement by tuberculosis tb. Most mobile parts of spine c5c6, t12l1, c1c2 most likely to dislocate or overstretch cervical injuries quadriplegia lumbar injuries paraplegia can also have incomplete injuries extrapyramidalmotor system descending extrapyramidal paths receive input from other parts of motor system.
Mar 01, 2009 on radiographs and ct scans, a neuropathic spine caused by traumatic paralysis or in association with syringomyelia or diabetes mellitus may resemble infectious spondylitis. Body fluid or tissue from the disease site should be collected for afb smear and culture see chapter 5, treatment for latent tuberculosis infection. Md, narjust duma, jaime mittal md, and sobia nizami. Tb of the spine may present with severe back pain 15,16. Tb has been steadily declining in the united states for the past several years. Patients who have bacteriological confirmation of t. Tb sometimes affects other parts of the body, such as the brain, the kidneys, or the spine. Adobe reader compatible with adobe reader versions 7. For example, egyptian mummies from approximately bc were discovered to have m. Worlds best powerpoint templates crystalgraphics offers more powerpoint templates than anyone else in the world, with over 4 million to choose from. Apr 17, 2018 tuberculosis tb, once called consumption, is a highly infectious disease that primarily affects the lungs. It may take months or even years for a person with inactive tb to develop active tb. It causes a kind of tuberculous arthritis of the intervertebral joints.
Representing approximately 75% of all tuberculosis cases, pulmonary tb is the most common form of the disease. Taking into account risk factors related to tuberculosis, there. Ts has been reported to accounts for 15% of all tb cases from many reports28, and for about 50% of the cases of articuloskeletal tb infections2,911. Spinal tuberculosis in children archives of disease in. The majority of pulmonary tuberculosis cases were also males3,7,17,39. Reactivation of spinal tuberculosis in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis on lowdose methotrexate. Potts disease this entity was first described by percivall pott.
Latent tb infection and tb disease many people who have latent tb infection never develop tb disease. Tb germs are passed through the air when someone who is sick with tb disease of the lungs or throat coughs, speaks, laughs, sings, or sneezes. Spinal infections most common is tb and brucellosis history of contact with tb patient, raw milk ingestion potentially treatable diseases once diagnosis is established and antimicrobials administered. More typical findings of spinal tuberculosis include. Mri is also of immense value in assessing the response to treatment. Introduction described first by sir percival pott in 1779. Our new crystalgraphics chart and diagram slides for powerpoint is a collection of over impressively designed datadriven chart and editable diagram s guaranteed to impress any audience. Best way to convert your pdf to pptx file in seconds.
Extrapulmonary tb disease may cause symptoms related to the part of the body that is affected table 4. Spinal fusion surgery in india spinal fusion spondylodesis or spondylosyndesis is the surgical method of joining two or more verebrae. By dr shahid latheefdepartment of orthopaedicsyenepoya medical collegemangalore 2. Evidences of spinal tuberculosis have been found in egyptian mummies dating back to 3400 bc 3. Tuberculous spondylitis is defined as an infection by. Approximately 70% of osteoarticular tb cases are tuberculous spondylitis tbs, which causes severe specific lesions of 1 components of the spine 2. However, on t2weighted images, the disk space and surrounding marrow have lower signal intensity in the neuropathic spine than in pyogenic spondylitis, 41, fig 12b. The incidence of atypical clinicoradiological presentations of spinal tb is on the rise. Microsoft powerpoint brudney tb powerpoint presentationfinal. Tuberculous involvement of the brain and spinal cord are common neurological disorders in developing countries and have recently shown a resurgence in developed ones. Although tb rates are decreasing in the united states, the disease is becoming more common in many parts of the world. Spinal tuberculosis potts disease is one of the common extrapulmonary presentations of tuberculosis. Imaging features of tuberculous spondylitis final2. View and download powerpoint presentations on tuberculosis of spine ppt.
To eliminate tb, prevention and control efforts must be maintained. In 1779, pott made the first detailed description of tuberculosis infection in the spine, and a century later, lanneloung, in france, reported for the first time the term pyogenic osteomyelitis of the spine. Treatment of spinal tuberculosis by debridement, interbody fusion. The slide set provides an overview of the current recommendations for the testing and treatment of latent tuberculosis. Spinal tuberculosis is the form most dangerous, as it may cause bone destruction of the vertebral body, spinal deformity andor paraplegia and. Pdf tuberculosis tb remains endemic in most of the developing countries. See treatment of drugsusceptible pulmonary tuberculosis in hivuninfected adults. Tuberculosis of spine presentation and treatment bone. Any information contained in this pdf file is automatically generated from digital. Targeted tb testing and treatment of latent tb infection. Chapter 2 transmission and pathogenesis of tuberculosis. Thoracentesis 1 thoracentesis thoracentesis before you begin indications pleural effusion of unknown origin, concern for empyema, symptomatic treatment of a large pleural effusion. Mycobacterium tuberculosis of one or more components of the spine.
During the bacillemia that follows primary infection or late reactivation tb, scattered tuberculous foci tubercles are established in the brain, meninges, or adjacent bone. Ppt tuberculosis powerpoint presentation free to view. The manifestation of spinal tb depends on the severity and duration of the disease, site of the disease, and the presence of complications such as abscess, sinuses, deformity, and neurological deficit. The progression from ltbi to tb disease may occur at any time, from soon to many years later. The patient presented with bilateral flank pain and swellings rather than the classic presentation of back. The most common presentation is chronic back pain, for which the diagnosis of stb can be easily overlooked, leading to the development of neurological deficits and osseous deformities of the spine. An awardwinning, radiologic teaching site for medical students and those starting out in radiology focusing on chest, gi, cardiac and musculoskeletal diseases containing hundreds of lectures, quizzes, handout notes, interactive material, most commons lists and pictorial differential diagnoses.
Tuberculous meningitis is an important manifestation and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Spine deformity kyphosis of some degree occurs in almost every patient. In active pulmonary tb, infiltrates or consolidations andor cavities are often seen in the upper lungs with or without mediastinal or hilar lymphadenopathy. Tuberculosis can affect different organs of the body. Genexpert, af smear or t culture patients with clinical signs and symptoms suggestive of t coughing, weight loss, night sweats andor fever and radiological evidence withwithout bacteriological confirmation. Spinal tuberculosis commonly presents with back pain, fever and night sweats.
Depending on the environment, these tiny particles can remain. Links to movies, ppt slideshows and any other multimedia files are not. Imaging of musculoskeletal tuberculosis a new look at an old disease. The spinal column is involved in less than 1% of all cases of tuberculosis tb. Data were collected concerning demographics, clinical, laboratory and. Tuberculosis tb continues to be an important public health problem in developed countries especially in deprived socioeconomic groups, older people, immunocompromised patients, drugtherapy resistant cases and the immigrant population. Tuberculosis of the central nervous system postgraduate. Tb germs are spread from person to person through the air. Mri is the ideal imaging modality for evaluation of spinal tuberculosis. In complicated tb, patients present with deformity, instability, and neurological deficit. For the diagnosis of spinal tuberculosis magnetic resonance imaging is more. Two circumstances in which diagnostic thoracentesis is usually not required. This medical powerpoint template will fit presentations on medical tests, tuberculosis disease, distribution of tuberculosis, tuberculin tests, pulmonary tb, tubercle bacillus, etc.
If tb bacteria become active in the body and multiply, the infection will become tb disease. Mar 02, 2020 tuberculosis tb see the image below, a multisystemic disease with myriad presentations and manifestations, is the most common cause of infectious diseaserelated mortality worldwide. Although the body forms a tubercle around the invading bacteria, they can continue to replicate inside, causing the tubercle to grow. In this report, we present a case of spinal tuberculosis complicated by bilateral large psoas abscesses. Improper dosing, inadequate duration of treatment, and inappropriate selection of candidates for chemotherapy has not only resulted in the resurgence of tb but also led to the most dreadful consequence of multidrug resistant strains. Tuberculosis tb facts centers for disease control and. Adobe reader fully editable pdf ms word and ms powerpoint compatible with ms office 97 office 8. The lower thoracic and upper lumbar vertebrae are the areas of the spine most often affected. Spinal stabilization and management zprotect spine at all times during the management of patients with multiple injuries. Lung tuberculosis is known as pulmonary tuberculosis whereas tuberculosis infection to other organs is known as extrapulmonary tuberculoiss. Ad tried to correct kyphotic deformity due to tuberculosis of spine, by manual pressure. General and simple presentation of tuberculosis of spine on incidence, pathology, complications, management.
It can also affect the synovial sheath of the tendons tenosynovitis the incidence of skeletal tuberculosis is 1 t 4%. Spinal tuberculosis tb or pott disease was first reported in 1779 and represents tb cases. Spinal infection is an ancient entity with some descriptions dating from the iron age. Spinal tb is a very dangerous type of skeletal tb as it can be associated with neurologic deficit due to compression of adjacent neural structures and significant spinal deformity.
Reactivation of spinal tuberculosis in a patient with. According to who, more than 8 million new cases of tb occur each year. People with latent tb infection ltbi can be treated to prevent development of tb disease this is a critical aspect to achieve tb elimination detecting ltbi early and providing treatment helps prevent new cases of tb disease you too can be a part of halting tbs journey. Tuberculosis of the spine is one of the oldest diseases afflicting humans. It is a challenge to treat mdrtb spine with late onset paraplegia and. Wholegenome analysis of mycobacterium tuberculosis from. Surgical procedures for abscess evacuation and for the treatment of paraplegia were carried out in some cases, but spine fusion was not performed. A 19yearold woman was referred our hospital with complaints of nonhealing skin ulcers on the chest, right shoulder, right humerus, and foot.
Pictorial assay of mri imaging findings in potts spine epos. Download complete set 90 slides in power point format 3. Diagnosis is based on clinical features, cerebrospinal fluid changes, and imaging characteristics. American journal of medical case reports, 35, 7140. It can develop when bacteria spread through droplets in the air. According to the world health organization who, its one of the top 10 causes of. Word, powerpoint and adobe reader templates are combined into multipage download files. The general principles of treatment of tb are discussed separately. Ankit madharia junior resident lata mangeshkar hospital, nagpur 2.
In russia, the rate of extrapulmonary tb cases among new tb cases was 3. Persons become infected with tb when they inhale tubercle bacilli and the bacilli multiply in the small air sacs. It is done most commonly in the lumbar region of the spine, but it is also used to treat cervical and thoracic problems. Several important recommendations are being promoted in this new edition.
Imaging findings of potts disease pubmed central pmc. Tuberculosis is the most common hivrelated opportunistic infection worldwide. Surgical treatment for spinal tuberculosis includes focal tuberculosis debridement, segmental stability. Jan 23, 2020 tuberculosis tb is an infectious disease that usually affects the lungs, though it can affect any organ in the body. Beth gadkowski md mph ms assistant professor division of infectious diseases eastern virginia medical school. Abdominal pain and swelling as an initial presentation of. The target audience for this slide set is primary health care providers. Clinical presentation and diagnosis of tuberculosis. Tb is spread through the air from person to person. Comprehensive presentation on tuberculosis of spine potts spine potts paraplegia. Sixtyfour adults with tuberculosis of the spine were treated principally with prolonged courses of antituberculosis drugs, bed rest, and braces. Tb is spread through the air from one person to another. Find powerpoint presentations and slides using the power of, find free presentations research about tuberculosis of spine ppt.
Meningeal tuberculosis occurs when tuberculosis travels through the bloodstream to the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord, called the meninges. The world health organizations stop tb department has prepared this fourth edition of treatment of tuberculosis. Updates to the cdc mddr service april 18, 2017 beverly metchock, drph, dabmm team lead, reference laboratory division of tb elimination national center for hivaids, viral hepatitis, std and tb prevention division of tb elimination. Currently, the term potts diseasepotts spine describes tuberculous. Dorsal spine most commonly involved most common first 3 decades. Pott disease is tuberculosis of the spine, usually due to haematogenous spread from other sites, often the lungs. A posterioranterior pa chest xray is the standard view used. Tuberculosis of spine is the most common site of skeletal tuberculosis accounts for 50 percent of the cases and may cause neural symptoms as well. Introduction skeletal tuberculosis is common in india vertebral tuberculosis is the commonest form of skeletal tuberculosis 50% dorsal spine most commonly involved mostly seen in first 3 decades. Theyll give your presentations a professional, memorable appearance the kind of sophisticated look that todays audiences expect. In some patients both the pulmonary and the extrapulmonary tuberculosis infection may occur at the same time. Aug 08, 2019 pott disease, also known as tuberculous spondylitis, is one of the oldest demonstrated diseases of humankind, having been documented in spinal remains from the iron age in europe and in ancient mummies from egypt and the pacific coast of south america. India is the country with the highest burden of tb, with world health organisation who statistics for 20 giving an estimated incidence of 2.
Pdf tuberculosis tb remains one of the deadliest infectious diseases responsible for millions of deaths annually across the world. Division of tuberculosis elimination tuberculosis tb facts tb and hivaids what is tb. Spinal tuberculosis stb is a common form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis tb, accounting for 3. He noted this as a painful kyphotic deformity of the spine associated with paraplegia. The delay in diagnosis average 3months the long recovery period average 12months the great cost of treating such infections. Methods the authors performed a retrospective case survey of 21 patients admitted to great ormond street hospital over a 15year period 19952010 with confirmed or presumed spinal tb. Comparative studies of spontaneous spinal infections performed in developed countries show. Tb is a very old disease, dating back several thousand years. Tanaffos 2002, 4549 2002 nritld, national research institute of tuberculosis and lung disease, iran tuberculosis of the spine in children soheila khalilzadeh1, soheila zahirifard 2, ali akbar velayati 1 1 department of pediatrics, 2 department of radiology, nritld, shaheed beheshti university of medical sciences and health services, tehran iran. The new engl and journal of medicine n engl j med 368. Winner of the standing ovation award for best powerpoint templates from presentations magazine. Onehundred and thirty eight 10% patients were coinfected with tuberculosis.
South african national tb guidelines adults who starts t treatment. Chart and diagram slides for powerpoint beautifully designed chart and diagram s for powerpoint with visually stunning graphics and animation effects. Tb germs are put into the air when a person with tb disease of the lungs or throat coughs, sneezes, laughs, or sings. Males also had a higher preponderance of tb related deaths40. The classic destruction of the disk space and the adjacent vertebral bodies, destruction of other spinal elements, severe and progressive kyphosis subsequently became known as potts disease. Tuberculosis tb is still an important health problem worldwide. Persons who have tb disease are usually infectious and may spread the bacteria to other people.
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